Bulgarian Air Force

Operator Profile
Su-25K serial 196 (photo via Chris Remy)
Current Title: Bulgarski Voennovazdushni Sili
Title in English: Bulgarian Air Force
Abbreviation: BVVS

History

Narrative Summary:
Air Force History

Key Dates:
20 April 1906*    Aeronautical Platoon established to operate balloons
July 1912*    First Army pilots return from training in France
13 August 1912*    Simeon Petrov becomes first Bulgar to pilot an aeroplane over Bulgaria
16 October 1912*    First combat operations by Bulgarian aircraft
2 November 1912*    First Aeroplane Platoon retrospectively authorised
27 September 1915*    First fighter aircraft (3 x Fokker E.III) delivered
2 October 1915*    Bulgaria enters First World War on the side of Germany
21 April 1916    First aerial combat using aircraft mounted guns
30 September 1916    Fokker E.III shoots down intruder near Sofia – first aerial victory
2 April 1917    Albatros C.III shot down – first combat loss to enemy fighters
29 September 1918    Bulgaria surrenders to the Allies
27 November 1919    Treaty of Neuilly bans all Bulgarian aviation
late December 1920    Disbanding of Army Aviation Corps completed
25 January 1921    Gendarmerie Air Squadron established
30 March 1922    Gendarmerie Air Squadron disbanded
1923    Bulgarian civil aviation approved by International Aviation Convention
1927    Three clandestine military air squadrons established
1930    Aeronautical Regiment formed to control military aviation
28 July 1934    Royal Bulgarian Air Force (Vazdushni Voyski = Air Army) established
1937    Neuilly Treaty restrictions abandoned – rapid expansion of Air Force initiated
30 May 1940    Air Force becomes an independent armed service
2 March 1941    German 12th Army and Fliegerkorps VIII move into Bulgaria
late April 1941    Air units support Bulgarian army occupation of Macedonia
1 August 1943    First major Allied air raid to pass through Bulgarian airpace
14 November 1943    First major Allied air raid on Sofia
26 August 1944    Bulgaria declares neutrality in Russo-German war
9 September 1944    Air operations against German forces begin
2 December 1944    Combat air operations over Yugoslavia cease
1945    First Soviet aircraft delivered
1953    First jet fighters delivered
1961    Bulgarian Air Force renamed PVOiVVS (Air Defence and Air Force)
1992    Bulgarian Air Force renamed Bulgarski Voennovazdushni Sili (BVVS)
Sept 1994    Regiment-based organisation replaced by one centred on air bases

* Julian calendar dates (13 days behind Gregorian calendar).


Current Status:
A major rationalisation of the Air Force, called Plan 2004, is currently being enacted, which will reduce it’s size from 465 aircraft to 218. Aircraft serviceability continues to be a serious problem, with many aircraft grounded.

Future Plans:
Air bases at Kamenetz, Bezmier and Graf Ignatievo to be upgraded with funding from NATO.
Six MiG-29s are receiving an avionics upgrade by a MiG/Thales team to make them NATO compatible.
Eight Su-25s are to receive a similar upgrade to make them compatible with NATO.
A contract for 12-20 new fighters is expected to be placed 2005-2007.

Markings


National Insignia:
Current — Historical

Aircraft Serial Numbering System(s):
1912-1915
1915-1919
1925-1937
1937-1947
1947-Present

Unit/Base Aircraft Code System(s):
Coding system not used

Aircraft


Aircraft Designation System(s):
To be added.

Current Aircraft Inventory:
Table of Current Service Aircraft

All-Time Aircraft Used List:
Alphabetical Order — Chronological Order

Aircraft NOT Used:
False reports of aircraft on order or in service

Organisation


Main Headquarters:
To be added.

Current Organisational Structure:
On 1st June 2003 the Bulgarian armed forces introduced some organisational changes. The BVVS is now organised into an Air Defence Command and a Tactical Air Command.

Current Order of Battle:
Table of Current Order of Battle

Historical Orders of Battle:
List of Historical Orders of Battle

All-Time Flying Units List:
List of Bulgarian AF Units

Air Bases


Current Air Bases:
Table of Current Air Bases

All-Time Air Bases Used List:
Military Air Bases Listing

More Information

Books:

‘Air Power of the Kingdom of Bulgaria – Parts I/II/III/IV’
by Dimitar Nedialkov
Published by Fark Ood, Sofia, 2001 ISBN: –
* Dual English-Bulgarian text history of the Bulgarian AF 1906-1945.

‘Aerospace Encyclopedia of World Air Forces’ [Order this book from Amazon UK]
by David Willis
Published by Aerospace Publishing, 1999 ISBN: 1 86184 045 4
* Two-and-a-half page entry on Bulgaria.

‘European Air Arms 2002’ [Order this book from Amazon UK]
by Ian Carroll
Published by Mach III Plus, July 2002 ISBN: 1 898129 73 8
* Brief Order of Battle and current aircraft serials listing.

Magazines:

World Air Power Journal, Volume 36 [Order this book from Amazon UK]
Published by Aerospace Publishing Ltd, spring 1999 ISBN: 1 86184 027 6
* Includes very detailed 15-page feature on current Bulgarian military aviation.

Scramble, 237 – February 1999
Published by Dutch Aviation Society

Videos:
None known.

Websites:

Bulgarian Military Aviation
(Bulgarian aviation history, aircraft, markings, aces etc. Some good photos.)

Bulgarian Air Force
(Website with details of aircraft types used and excellent photos)

Bulgarian Military Page
(Ground and Air Force information)

Bulgarian Navy

Operator Profile
Mi-14BT Haze serial 811 (photo via Chris Remy)
Current Title: Aviatzia Na Bulgarski Voennomorski Flot
Title in English: Bulgarian Naval Aviation
Abbreviation: AnBVMF

History

Narrative Summary:
In 1959 three Bulgarian Navy crews began training on two Mi-4M helicopters. A dedicated anti-submarine air squadron was established in October of the same year. Initially, it was subordinate to the Air Force, and based at Vrazhdebna airport near Sofia. On 5 May 1961 the squadron was transferred to Chaika airport and subordinated to the Navy. In 1979 the Mi-4s were replaced by Mi-14 helicopters. On In September 1990 the squadron was renamed to its present title.

Key Dates:
1959    Naval helicopter crews begin training on the Mi-4.
14 October 1959    Helicopter ASW Squadron was established.
5 May 1961    Helicopter ASW Squadron transferred to full Navy control.
September 1990    Naval aviation unit renamed to present title.


Current Status:
Bulgarian naval helicopters are used primarily for ASW and Search & Rescue (SAR) missions.

Future Plans:
Take delivery of six AS.565 Panther helicopters from France.

Markings


National Insignia:


            Main markingFin Flash
The main marking is displayed in three positions on helicopters: on the fuselage sides and under the fuselage. No fin flash is used. Recently overhauled Mi-14s carry an emblem, together with ‘NAVY’ and ‘Voennomorski Sili’ titles on both sides of the fuselage.

Aircraft Serial Numbering System(s):
Bulgarian naval helicopters use the same serialling system as the air force – a unique three figure number for each airframe.

Unit/Base Aircraft Code System(s):
Coding system not used

Aircraft


Aircraft Designation System(s):
None – Manufacturers designations used

Current Aircraft Inventory:
Click on aircraft type for more details

Aircraft Type Total
Del’d
Total
Now
Role Origin
Eurocopter AS.565MB Panther 6* – ASW/SAR France
Mil Mi-14BT Haze 2 1 Transport USSR
Mil Mi-14PL Haze 9 4 ASW/SAR USSR

* on order.

All-Time Aircraft Used List:
Click on aircraft type for more details

Aircraft Type Quantity Service Entry Retirement Origin
Eurocopter AS.565MB Panther 6* 2010 – France
Kamov Ka-25Tz, Hormone 1 1984 1991 USSR
Mil Mi-4A, Hound 2? 1965 1979 USSR
Mil Mi-4M, Hound 4? 1959 1979 USSR
Mil Mi-14BT, Haze 2 1979 current USSR
Mil Mi-14PL, Haze 9 1979 current USSR

* on order.

Aircraft NOT Used:
False reports of aircraft on order or in service – none known.

Organisation


Main Headquarters:
Sofia.

Current Organisational Structure:
The Bulgarian naval air arm comprises one helicopter squadron. Initially called the OPLEV-VMF (Otdelna Protivolodachna Eskadrila na VMF – Independent ASW Squadron of the Navy), it was later renamed to its present title.

Current Order of Battle:
Click on unit title for more details

Squadron Type Base
Otdelna Morska Eskadrila Vertoleti* Mil-14PL/BT Tchaika

* = Independent Naval Helicopter Squadron

Historical Orders of Battle:
Not applicable.

All-Time Flying Units List:
Not applicable.

Pre-flight checks for a Mi-14PL
(photo, George Petkov)
Refuelling a Mi-14PL
(photo, George Petkov)
Side view of Mi-14PL Haze serial 809
(photo, George Petkov)
Another view of Mi-14PL serial 809
(photo, George Petkov)

Air Bases


Current Air Bases:
All helicopters are operated from the naval base at Tchaika, on the east coast.

All-Time Air Bases Used List:
To be added

More Information

Books:

To be added

Magazines:

Air Forces Monthly May 1998
Air Forces Monthly January 2001
World Air Power Journal No.36

Websites:

Bulgarian Military Page

Thanks to Constantine Pehlivanov & George Petkov for updating this information.

Bulgarian Police Aviation Unit

Operator Profile
Current Title: Policija
Title in English: Police
Abbreviation: Not applicable

History

Narrative Summary:
The current Police service started out as the People’s Militia, created by the communist government in the late 1940s. In was administered by the Ministry of Internal Affairs but kept under close polictical control. By the 1980s it was operating a number of helicopters, and reportedly some light aircraft. In 1990-91 the Militia was placed under civilian control and reformed to perform the roles of a conventional police force. In 1991? it assumed the western European name of Policija (Police) in place of the communist-era name. All aircraft carry civilian markings.

Key Dates:
19??    Establishment of People’s Militia Aviation unit.
19??    People’s Militia renamed Policija (Police).


Current Status:
Police Aviation helicopters are used for normal law enforcement duties.

Future Plans:
To be added

Markings


National Insignia:


        Fuselage sidesFin Flash
The national flag is carried as a fin flash on the rear fuselage of helicopters? The service titles POLICIJA may be carried on the upper fuselage sides.

Aircraft Serial Numbering System(s):
All Police Aviation aircraft currently carry air force-style serial numbers in the 5xx series.

Unit/Base Aircraft Code System(s):
Coding system not used

Aircraft


Aircraft Designation System(s):
None – Manufacturers designations used

Current Aircraft Inventory:
Click on aircraft type for more details

Aircraft Type Total
Del’d
Total
Now
Role Origin
Mil Mi-2 Hoplite 5? 4 Policing Poland
Mil Mi-8T Hip 1 1 Policing USSR

All-Time Aircraft Used List:
Click on aircraft type for more details

Aircraft Type Quantity Service Entry Retirement Origin
Kamov Ka-26 Hoodlum 1 ? 1993 USSR
Mil Mi-2 Hoplite 5? ? current Poland
Mil Mi-8 Hip 1 ? current USSR

Organisation


Main Headquarters:
Sofia.

Current Organisational Structure:
No information about operating bases or detachments.

Current Order of Battle:
Not applicable.

Historical Orders of Battle:
Not applicable.

All-Time Flying Units List:
Not applicable.

Air Bases


Current Air Bases:
No information.

All-Time Air Bases Used List:
No information.

More Information

No specific sources known.

Additional information is welcome.

Current Aircraft Inventory
Bulgarian Air Force

Aircraft Type Total Del’d Total Active Still on Order Role
MiG-29A/UB Fulcum A 18/4 15/4 0 Interception/Training
MiG-21bis Fishbed 76 4 0 Interception
MiG-21UM Mongol 33 3 0 Training
Sukhoi Su-25K/25UBK 36/6 12/4 0 Attack/Training
Aero L-39ZA Albatross 36 3 0 Training
Pilatus PC-9M 6 5 0 Training
Alenia C-27J Spartan 3 2 0 Transport
An-26 Curl 6 6 0 Transport
An-30 Clank 1 1 0 Recce./Transport
An-2 Colt ? 2 0 Transport
Pilatus PC-12 1 1 0 Transport
Let L-410UVP-E 8 8 0 Transport
Mil Mi-24D Hind 38 17 0 Assault
Mil Mi-24V Hind 6 5 0 Assault
Mil Mi-17/17PP Hip 25/4 4 0 Transport
Eurocopter AS 532AL Cougar 12 12 2 Transport
Bell 206B JetRanger III 6 6 0 Liaison/Training

Bulgarian Government Aviation Unit

Operator Profile
 

Key Facts

Current Title: Pravitelstven Aviootryad 28
English Title: Aviation Unit 28
Abbreviation: Not known

History

Narrative Summary

A small VIP transport unit (Unit 28) operates for the use of Government officials. All aircraft carry civilian markings.

Key Dates

199?    Establishment of Bulgarian Government Aviation unit.

Current Status

Bulgarian Government Aviation aircraft are used primarily for VIP transport.

Future Plans

To be added

Markings

National Insignia



        Fuselage sidesFin Flash
The national flag is carried as a fin flash on fixed wing aircraft, or on the rear fuselage of helicopters. The service titles REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA may be carried on the upper fuselage sides.

Aircraft Serial Numbers

All Bulgarian Government Aviation aircraft carry civilian registrations in the LZ-xxx series. The Bell 430 is an exception, carrying Air Force roundels and an Air Force serial number.

Unit/Base Codes

Coding system not used

Aircraft

Aircraft Designations

None – Manufacturers designations used

Current Aircraft Inventory

Click on aircraft type for more details

Aircraft Type Total
Del’d
Total
Now
Role Origin
Bell 430 1 1 VIP Transport USA
Boeing 737-500 1 1 VIP Transport USA
Dassault Falcon 2000 1 1 VIP Transport France
Mil Mi-8/Mi-17 Hip 8/1 1/1 VIP Transport USSR
Tupolev Tu-134A 2 1 VIP Transport USSR
Tupolev Tu-154M 2 1 VIP Transport USSR

All-Time Aircraft Used List

Click on aircraft type for more details

Aircraft Type Quantity Service Entry Retirement Origin
Bell 430 1 2000 current USA
Boeing 737-500 1 2005 current USA
Dassault Falcon 50 1 1999 Aug 2001 France
Dassault Falcon 2000 1 Dec 2001 current France
Ilyushin Il-18 1 ? 1997 USSR
Mil Mi-8/Mi-17 Hip 8/1 ? current USSR
Tupolev Tu-134A 2 ? current USSR
Tupolev Tu-154M 2 1999 current USSR

Aircraft NOT Used

No false reports known.

Organisation

Main Headquarters

Sofia.

Organisational Structure

Both aircraft and the helicopters are operated by Pravitelstven Aviootryad 28 from Sofia Airport, except for the Bell 430, which is based at Krumovo.

Current Unit Assignments

Not applicable.

Historical Unit Assignments

Not applicable.

All-Time Flying Units List

Not applicable.

The VIP Bell 430 serial 430.
(photo, George Petkov)

Air Bases

Current Air Bases

Both aircraft and the helicopters are operated by Pravitelstven Aviootryad 28 from Sofia Airport, except for the Bell 430, which is based at Krumovo.

All-Time Air Bases Used List

To be added

More Information

Books

To be added

Magazines

To be added

Websites

Thanks to Constantine Pehlivanov & George Petkov for updating this information.

Vestnik VVS / Вестник ВВС

Aviation-related Magazines Guide

Description

‘Vestnik VVS’ was the official newspaper of the Bulgarian Air Force, published commercially on behalf of the Headquarters of the Air Force of the Republic of Bulgaria. It contained news and features of interest to Air Force personnel. Curiously, some issues appear to be printed in colour, and others in black & white only.

Publishing History

First issue available in 1991. The publishing frequency appears a bit strange. Most issues appear to have monthly dates, but the issue numbers don’t correspond with that rate of production. Issue 69 was Year IV, Issue 19, October 1995 and issue 215 was year ХІV, 5, May 2009. Thirteen years as a monthly should give issue numbers around 160. It ceased publication some time after mid 2010.
The editor is unknown.

Contents/Issues Produced

To be added.

Digital Access

No digital versions of back issues appear to be available.

Special Issues

No special issues were produced.

Further information

[No WorldCat entry]

Cover Gallery

Vestnik-VVS 1128.
See All

Klub Krile / Клуб Криле

Aviation-related Magazines Guide

Subtitled ‘National Edition for Aviation and Astronautics’. Initially entitled ‘Avioklub Krile’, but later shortened to ‘Klub Krile’. Monthly? Covers civil and military aviation in Bulgaria and around the world.

Further information: National Edition for Aviation and Astronautics, bul. “Tzarigradsko Shosse” 111, Sofia 1184 BULGARIA. Tel: (+359) 73-01-46, 7-43-41/381 Fax: (+359) 72-38-08.