1910 monarchy overthrown. 23 November 1914 joined Allied coalition in World War 1, but little active service. 1932 authoritarian government under Salazar. Neutral in Spanish Civil War and World War Two.
Founder member of NATO on 4 April 1949. Democracy restored 1974. Constitutional government resumed 1976. African colonies given independence in late 1970's. Joined European Community in 1986.

[To be updated!]